The First english discussion in 2017 : Tenses

Hi fellas !! how are you right now ? 

 

gladly we can held our first english discussion at Dome FEB that led by member of R&D (Research and Development). 

at the first ED (english discussion) we discuss about tenses.

so here are the basic 12 tenses we must know 

ENGLISH DISCUSSION 12 TENSES

       I.            THE SIMPLE TENSES

1.      SIMPLE PRESENT

Form :        Verb 1

                  Verb 1 +s/es

                  To be : is, am, are

Adverb of time :

Ø  Every....

Ø  Adverbs of frequency (always, frequently/often, usually/ genrally, sometimes/occcationally, seldom/rarely/hardly ever, never)

Used For :

Ø  Express the idea that an action is repeated or usual. The action can be a habit, a hobby, a daily event, a scheduled event or something that often happens. It can also express a fact or general truth.

Example :

·         I leave for school at 6.30 every morning

·         The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

·         The train leaves every morning at 8.00 a.m.

2.      SIMPLE PAST

Form :        Verb 1+ed (Regular Verb)/ Verb2 (Irregular Verb)

                  To be : was were

Adverb of time :

Ø  Yesterday, last..... ,  .......ago, this morning, in..... (past)

Used For :

Ø  Express the idea that an action started and finished at a specific time in the past. Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the specific time, but they do have one specific time in mind. It can also be used to list a series of completed actions in the past.

Example :

·         The children enjoyed the party last night.

·         I stepped on a banana peel, fell down, and hurt my knees.

·         We saw a movie yesterday.

3.      SIMPLE FUTURE

Form :        Will verb I

                  Be ( is , am, are) going to verb 1

Adveb of time :

Ø  Tomorrow, soon, immediately, at once, tonight, next... , in (future)

        Used for :

Ø  “Will” : to express a voluntary action and promise.

Ø  “Be Going To” : to express a plan.

Ø  “Will” or “Be Going to” : to express a prediction

Example :

·         I will make sandwhices for you.

·         If I am elected President of the United States, I will make sure everyone has access to inexpensive health insurance.

·         He is going to spend his vacation in Maldives year.

·         The year 2222 will be/is going to be a very interesting year.

    II.            THE PROGRESSIVE (CONTINUOUS) TENSES

1.      PRESENT CONTINUOUS

Form :        to be (is, am , are) + verb 1 + ing

Adverb of time :

Ø  Now, at the moment, at present, still

Used For :

Ø  to express the idea that something is happening now, at this very moment. It can also be used to show that something is not happening now.

Example :

·         Listen! The neighbours are quarelling again.

·         You are learning English now.

·         They are not watching television.

2.      PAST CONTINUOUS

Form :        to be (was, were) + verb 1 + ing

Adverb of time :

Ø  When, while, as

Used for :

Ø  To indicate that a longer action in the past was interrupted. The interruption is usually a shorter action in the Simple Past.

Ø  To express two actions which were happening at the same time, and the actions are parallel.

Example :

·         While we were having the picnic, it started to rain.

·         I wasn't paying attention while I was writing the letter, so I made several mistakes.

·         My head was aching. (continued for some time)

3.      FUTURE CONTINUOUS

Form :        shall/will be verb1 + ing

                  Tobe (is,am,are) going to be+ verb1 + ing

Adverb of time : at this time + future tense

Used for: to explain an action that will be in progress at a particular time in the future.

Example :

·         I will be waiting for you when your bus arrives

·         Tonight at 6 PM, I am going to be eating dinner.

·         By this time next week, he’ll be returning to his village.

 III.           THE PERFECT TENSES

1.      PRESENT PERFECT

Form : have/has + verb 3

Adverb of time : since, already, before, after, so far, just now, recently etc.

Used for and examples:

Ø  to describe your experience

He has never traveled by train.

Ø  to talk about change that has happened over a period of time.

My English has really improved since I moved to Australia.

Ø  to list the accomplishments of individuals and humanity

Doctors have cured many deadly diseases.

Ø  to say that an action which we expected has not happened

James has not finished his homework yet.

Ø  to talk about several different actions which have occurred in the past at different times

I have had four quizzes and five tests so far this semester.

2.      PAST PERFECT

Form : had + verb 3

Adverb of time : after, before, when, as soon as, until

Used for :

Ø  to express the idea that something occurred before another action in the past. It can also show that something happened before a specific time in the past.

Example :

·         I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Hawaii.

·         We had had that car for ten years before it broke down.

·         We waited until the rain had stopped

3.      FUTURE PERFECT

Form : will have verb 3

Adverb of time : at/by........+ future tense (at 6p.m. tonight)

Used for :

Ø  To express the idea that something will occur before another action in the future. It can also show that something will happen before a specific time in the future.

Example :

·         By next November, I will have received my promotion.

·         By the time I finish this course, I will have taken ten tests.

·         At 10 p.m. tonight, i will have shut all the windows.

  IV.            THE PERFECT PROGRESSIVE ( CONTINUOUS) TENSES

1.      PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Form : have/has been + verb 1 + ing

Adverb of time : for......,since.......,all.........

Used for :

Ø  to show that something started in the past and has continued up until now.

Example :

·         She has been working at that company for three years.

·         What have you been doing for the last 30 minutes?

·         James has been teaching at the university since June.

2.      PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Form : had been verb 1 + ing

Adverb of time : for......when/by/before + verb 2

Used for :

Ø  to show that something started in the past and continued up until another time in the past.

Example :

·         They had been playing tennis for one hour when the rain dropped heavily.

·         Before she gave up, she had been trying to open the tin for some time.

·         I had been reading the novels for two hours by the time he came.

3.      FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS

Form : will have been verb 1 + ing

Adverb of time :    for....when+present tense

                              for.....by+ future tense

Used for :

Ø  to show that something will continue up until a particular event or time in the future

Example :

·         By next month, he will have been teaching in my school for ten years.

·         The famous artist will have been painting the mural for over six months by the time it is finished.

EXERCISE

1.      He always (eat) a sandwich for lunch.

2.      Most animal (kill) only for food.

3.      Dhea (fall) down in to the ground yesterday.

4.      I (drop) my cup, the coffee (spill) on my lap.

5.      He ( finish) his work tomorrow.

6.      You (pay) the ticket tonight.

7.      I need an umbrella because it  still (rain).

8.      Deri and Ani (climb) the tree now.

9.      Last year at this time, I (attend) school.

10.  The child (burn) himself while he (play) with matches.

11.  I will begin to study at seven. You will come at eight. I (study) when you come.

12.  At noon tomorrow, i (take) my English lesson

13.  She (move) already into a new apartment.

14.  We (have) four tests  so far this semester.

15.  No one (be allowed) to leave the ground untill the conference (be) over.

16.  Sam already (leave) when we got there.

17.  By the next time I see you, I (graduate).

18.  Wafik (finish) my homework by the time I go out on a date tonight.

19.  I (sit) here for two hours.

20.  I (think) about changing my major.

21.  He finally came at six o’clock. I (wait) for him since four-thirty.

22.  I (read) the novels for two hours by the time he came

23.  When Professor John retires next month, he  (teach) for 45 years.

24.  I will go to the bed at 10 pm. He will get home at midnight. At midnight I will be sleeping. I (sleep) for two hours by the time he gets home.

And here are for you some exercise to train your skill  

Q u i z

A. Supply the most suitable tense ( present, past, or present perfect )!

1.      When I (see) him he (sit) asleep in a chair.

2.      I (be born) in London but (spend) most of my childhood in the country.

3.      I hear you just (get) married. When the ceremony (take place)?

4.      Look ! My socks already (wear) out at the heels, even though I (wear) two pairs at once these last few weeks.

5.      A few years ago they (pull) down some old houses in that street.

6.      Did you post the letter after you (write) it?

7.      He (not arrive) when I (write) my last letter to you.

8.      These puppets (not be) with us a week before Mr. Puch (get lost).

9.      I expect he (go) to Syria as soon as he (get) a visa.

10.  You forever (misunderstand) what I (explain) to you! Why you (not listen) while I (speak) to you?

B. Fill in the blanks with appropriate tense forms of the verb!

1. It ————————— since afternoon.

   a)    Is raining
   b)    Was raining
   c)    Has been raining

2.  I ———————— write the letter tomorrow morning.

   a)    Will
   b)    Will be
   c)    Had

3. I —————————- before she knocked the door.

   a)    Had finished
   b)    Would finish
   c)    Have finished

 4. She ————————– smart ways in his work.

   a)    Take
   b)    Takes
   c)    Was taking

5.  It’s time we ————————–

   a)    Left
   b)    Had gone
   c)    Will leave

6.  I will say to my father when I ———————– time.

   a)    Have
   b)    Will have
   c)    Had

7.  Budi told me that he —————————- his homework.

   a)  Finished
   b)  Had Finished
   c)    Will finish

 8. I would rather you ———————— till Saturday.

   a)   Stay
   b)   Stayed
   c)    Will stay

9.  I wish I ———————— Javaneese.

   a)  Speak
   b)  Spoke
   c)   Had spoken

10.  The sun ————————– in the east.

   a)   Rise
   b)  Rises
   c)    Rose