gladly we can held our first english discussion at Dome FEB that led by member of R&D (Research and Development).
at the first ED (english discussion) we discuss about tenses.
ENGLISH
DISCUSSION 12 TENSES
I.
THE SIMPLE TENSES
1.
SIMPLE
PRESENT
Form : Verb 1
Verb 1 +s/es
To be : is, am, are
Adverb of time
:
Ø Every....
Ø Adverbs of frequency
(always, frequently/often, usually/ genrally, sometimes/occcationally,
seldom/rarely/hardly ever, never)
Used For :
Ø Express the idea that an action is repeated or
usual. The action can be a habit, a hobby, a daily event, a scheduled event or
something that often happens. It can also express a fact or general truth.
Example :
·
I
leave for school at 6.30 every morning
·
The
sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
·
The
train leaves every morning at 8.00 a.m.
2.
SIMPLE
PAST
Form : Verb 1+ed (Regular Verb)/ Verb2
(Irregular Verb)
To be : was were
Adverb of time
:
Ø Yesterday, last..... , .......ago, this morning, in..... (past)
Used For :
Ø Express
the idea that an action started and finished at a specific time in the past.
Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the specific time, but they do
have one specific time in mind. It can also be used to list a series of
completed actions in the past.
Example :
·
The
children enjoyed the party last night.
·
I
stepped on a banana peel, fell down, and hurt my knees.
·
We
saw a movie yesterday.
3.
SIMPLE
FUTURE
Form : Will verb I
Be ( is , am, are) going to
verb 1
Adveb of time :
Ø Tomorrow, soon,
immediately, at once, tonight, next... , in (future)
Used for
:
Ø “Will” : to express a
voluntary action and promise.
Ø “Be Going To” : to express
a plan.
Ø “Will” or “Be Going to” :
to express a prediction
Example :
·
I
will make sandwhices for you.
·
If I am elected President of the United States, I will make sure everyone has access to
inexpensive health insurance.
·
He is going to spend his vacation in Maldives year.
·
The year
2222 will be/is going to be a
very interesting year.
II.
THE PROGRESSIVE
(CONTINUOUS) TENSES
1.
PRESENT
CONTINUOUS
Form : to be (is, am , are) + verb 1 + ing
Adverb of time
:
Ø Now, at the moment, at
present, still
Used For :
Ø to
express the idea that something is happening now, at this very moment. It can
also be used to show that something is not happening now.
Example :
·
Listen!
The neighbours are quarelling again.
·
You
are learning English now.
·
They
are not watching television.
2.
PAST
CONTINUOUS
Form : to be (was, were) + verb 1 + ing
Adverb of time
:
Ø When, while, as
Used for :
Ø To
indicate that a longer action in the past was interrupted. The interruption is
usually a shorter action in the Simple Past.
Ø To express two actions
which were happening at the same time, and the actions are parallel.
Example :
·
While
we were having the
picnic, it started to rain.
·
I wasn't paying attention while
I was writing the
letter, so I made several mistakes.
·
My head was
aching. (continued for some time)
3.
FUTURE
CONTINUOUS
Form : shall/will be verb1 + ing
Tobe (is,am,are) going to be+
verb1 + ing
Adverb of time
: at this time + future tense
Used for: to
explain an action that will be in progress at a particular time in the future.
Example :
·
I will be
waiting for you when your bus arrives
·
Tonight at 6 PM, I am going to be eating dinner.
·
By this time next week,
he’ll be returning to his village.
III. THE PERFECT TENSES
1.
PRESENT
PERFECT
Form : have/has
+ verb 3
Adverb of time
: since, already, before, after, so far, just now, recently etc.
Used for and
examples:
Ø to
describe your experience
He has never traveled by train.
Ø to talk about change that has happened over a period of
time.
My
English has really improved since I moved to
Australia.
Ø to list the accomplishments of individuals and humanity
Doctors have cured many deadly diseases.
Ø to say that an action which we expected has not
happened
James has not finished his homework
yet.
Ø to talk about several different actions which have
occurred in the past at different times
I have had four quizzes and five
tests so far this semester.
2.
PAST
PERFECT
Form : had +
verb 3
Adverb of time
: after, before, when, as soon as, until
Used for :
Ø to express the idea that something occurred before another
action in the past. It can also show that something happened before a specific
time in the past.
Example :
·
I had never seen such a beautiful beach before
I went to Hawaii.
·
We had
had that car for ten years before it broke down.
·
We waited until the rain had stopped
3.
FUTURE
PERFECT
Form : will
have verb 3
Adverb of time
: at/by........+ future tense (at 6p.m. tonight)
Used for :
Ø To
express the idea that something will occur before another action in the future.
It can also show that something will happen before a specific time in the
future.
Example :
·
By next November, I will have received my promotion.
·
By the time I finish this course,
I will have taken ten
tests.
·
At 10 p.m. tonight, i will have shut all the
windows.
IV.
THE PERFECT PROGRESSIVE (
CONTINUOUS) TENSES
1.
PRESENT
PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Form : have/has
been + verb 1 + ing
Adverb of time
: for......,since.......,all.........
Used for :
Ø to
show that something started in the past and has continued up until now.
Example :
·
She has
been working at that company for three years.
·
What have you been doing for the last 30
minutes?
·
James has
been teaching at the university since June.
2.
PAST
PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Form : had been
verb 1 + ing
Adverb of time
: for......when/by/before + verb 2
Used for :
Ø to
show that something started in the past and continued up until another time in
the past.
Example :
·
They
had been playing tennis for one hour when the rain dropped heavily.
·
Before
she gave up, she had been trying to open the tin for some time.
·
I
had been reading the novels for two hours by the time he came.
3.
FUTURE
PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Form : will
have been verb 1 + ing
Adverb of time
: for....when+present tense
for.....by+ future
tense
Used for :
Ø to
show that something will continue up until a particular event or time in the
future
Example :
·
By next month, he will have been teaching in my school
for ten years.
·
The famous artist will have been painting the mural for over six months by the
time it is finished.
EXERCISE
1.
He
always (eat) a sandwich for lunch.
2.
Most
animal (kill) only for food.
3.
Dhea
(fall) down in to the ground
yesterday.
4.
I
(drop) my cup, the coffee (spill) on my lap.
5.
He
( finish) his work tomorrow.
6.
You
(pay) the ticket tonight.
7.
I
need an umbrella because it still (rain).
8.
Deri
and Ani (climb) the tree now.
9.
Last
year at this time, I (attend)
school.
10. The child (burn) himself while he (play)
with matches.
11. I will begin to study at seven. You will
come at eight. I (study) when you
come.
12. At noon tomorrow, i (take) my English lesson
13. She
(move) already into a new apartment.
14. We
(have) four tests so far this semester.
15. No one (be allowed)
to leave the ground untill the conference (be)
over.
16. Sam
already (leave) when we got there.
17. By
the next time I see you, I (graduate).
18. Wafik
(finish) my homework by the time I
go out on a date tonight.
19. I
(sit) here for two hours.
20. I
(think) about changing my major.
21. He
finally came at six o’clock. I (wait)
for him since four-thirty.
22. I
(read) the novels for two hours by
the time he came
23. When
Professor John retires next month, he (teach) for 45 years.
24. I
will go to the bed at 10 pm. He will get home at midnight. At midnight I will
be sleeping. I (sleep) for two hours
by the time he gets home.
And here are for you some exercise to train your skill
Q
u i z
A.
Supply
the most suitable tense ( present, past, or present perfect )!
1. When
I (see) him he (sit) asleep in a chair.
2. I
(be born) in London but (spend) most of my childhood in the country.
3. I
hear you just (get) married. When the ceremony (take place)?
4. Look
! My socks already (wear) out at the heels, even though I (wear) two pairs at
once these last few weeks.
5. A
few years ago they (pull) down some old houses in that street.
6. Did
you post the letter after you (write) it?
7. He
(not arrive) when I (write) my last letter to you.
8. These
puppets (not be) with us a week before Mr. Puch (get lost).
9. I
expect he (go) to Syria as soon as he (get) a visa.
10. You
forever (misunderstand) what I (explain) to you! Why you (not listen) while I
(speak) to you?
B. Fill in
the blanks with appropriate tense forms of the verb!
1. It ————————— since afternoon.
a) Is raining
b) Was raining
c) Has been raining
2. I ———————— write the letter tomorrow
morning.
a) Will
b) Will be
c) Had
3. I —————————- before she knocked the door.
a) Had finished
b) Would finish
c) Have finished
4. She ————————– smart ways in his work.
a) Take
b) Takes
c) Was taking
5. It’s time we ————————–
a) Left
b) Had gone
c) Will leave
6. I will say to my father when I ———————–
time.
a) Have
b) Will have
c) Had
7. Budi told me that he —————————- his
homework.
a) Finished
b) Had Finished
c) Will finish
8. I would rather you ———————— till
Saturday.
a) Stay
b) Stayed
c) Will stay
9. I wish I ———————— Javaneese.
a) Speak
b) Spoke
c) Had spoken
10. The sun ————————– in the east.
a) Rise
b) Rises
c) Rose
